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De novo TBR1 mutations in sporadic autism disrupt protein functions
TBR1 mutations sporadic autism disrupt protein functions
2015/5/5
Next-generation sequencing recently revealed that recurrent disruptive mutations in a few genes may account for 1% of sporadic autism cases. Coupling these novel genetic data to empirical assays of pr...
Investigating Protein-protein Interactions in Live Cells Using Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Protein-protein Interactions Live Cells Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer
2015/5/5
Assays based on Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) provide a sensitive and reliable means to monitor protein-protein interactions in live cells. BRET is the non-radiative transfer of ene...
Disruptions of the FOXP2 gene cause a rare speech and language disorder, a discovery that has opened up novel avenues for investigating the relevant neural pathways. FOXP2 shows remarkably high conser...
No effect of schizophrenia risk genes MIR137, TCF4, and ZNF804A on macroscopic brain structure
miR-137 TCF4 ZNF804A Genetic neuroimaging Brain volume
2015/5/5
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the MIR137, TCF4, and ZNF804A genes show genome-wide association to schizophrenia. However, the biological basis for the associations is unknown. Here, we...
Homozygous microdeletion of exon 5 in ZNF277 in a girl with specific language impairment
ZNF277 SLI language
2015/5/5
Specific language impairment (SLI), an unexpected failure to develop appropriate language skills despite adequate non-verbal intelligence, is a heterogeneous multifactorial disorder with a complex gen...
The Interplay of Genetic and Cultural Factors in Ongoing Language Evolution
Genetic Cultural Factors Language Evolution
2015/4/27
This chapter discusses recent advances in our understanding of the complex interplay between cultural and biological factors in language change and evolution. Three “myths” (the independence of biolog...
The Infrastructure of the Language-Ready Brain
The Infrastructure the Language-Ready Brain
2015/4/27
This chapter sketches in very general terms the cognitive architecture of both language comprehension and production, as well as the neurobiological infrastructure that makes the human brain ready for...
Genes: Interactions with Language on Three Levels—Inter-Individual Variation, Historical Correlations and Genetic Biasing
Interactions with Language Three Levels Inter-Individual Variation Historical Correlations Genetic Biasing
2015/4/27
The complex inter-relationships between genetics and linguistics encompass all four scales highlighted by the contributions to this book and, together with cultural transmission, the genetics of langu...
Differences in the Nonverbal Requests of Great Apes and Human Infants
Nonverbal Great Apes Human Infants
2015/4/27
This study investigated how great apes and human infants use imperative pointing to request objects. In a series of three experiments (infants, N = 44; apes, N = 12), subjects were given the opportuni...
The contents of predictions in sentence comprehension: Activation of the shape of objects before they are referred to
Predictive sentence processing Visual representations Eye-tracking Event-related potentials (ERPs) N400
2015/4/24
When comprehending concrete words, listeners and readers can activate specific visual information such as the shape of the words’ referents. In two experiments we examined whether such information can...
The dopamine transporter haplotype and reward-related striatal responses in adult ADHD
ADHD Striatum DAT1 gene Genetic imaging Reward Dopamine
2015/4/24
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable disorder and several genes increasing disease risk have been identified. The dopamine transporter gene, SLC6A3/DAT1, has been stud...
MUC (Memory, Unification, Control) and beyond
neurobiology of language Memory Unification Control speaker meaning language connectivity
2015/4/24
A neurobiological model of language is discussed that overcomes the shortcomings of the classical Wernicke-Lichtheim-Geschwind model. It is based on a subdivision of language processing into three com...
Researchers are beginning to uncover the neurogenetic pathways that underlie our unparalleled capacity for spoken language. Initial clues come from identification of genetic risk factors implicated in...
The homozygosity index (HI) approach reveals high allele frequency for Wilson disease in the Sardinian population
Wilson disease genetic epidemiology consanguinity homozygosity index
2015/4/24
Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting in pathological progressive copper accumulation in liver and other tissues. The worldwide prevalence (P) is about 30/million, while in ...
Neurogenomics of speech and language disorders: the road ahead
exome genome FOXP2 functional validation language next-generation sequencing neurodevelopmental disorders speech
2015/4/24
Next-generation sequencing is set to transform the discovery of genes underlying neurodevelopmental disorders, and so off er important insights into the biological bases of spoken language. Success wi...